Because approximately 1 in 59 students are diagnosed with autism, learning how to help students with this disorder in the classroom is so important.[1] Teaching young students with autism communication skills and learning strategies makes it all the more likely that they’ll reach their academic potential later on. And the more you learn about autism spectrum disorder, the better you’ll be able to prepare these students for lifelong success.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability that causes hypersensitivity to sights, sounds, and other sensory information.Symptoms of autism generally fall into three categories:[2]
- Communication issues
- Social impairment
- Repetitive behaviors (known among the autism community as “stimming”)
Here are 15 fun activities to help children with autism feel welcome in your class while addressing their symptoms and individual learning styles. Whether you play them one-on-one or as group activities, these are excellent ways to keep students with autism engaged and ready to learn.
Social Skills Activities for Elementary Students with Autism
A common characteristic of students with autism is trouble communicating or connecting with their classmates. Use these social skills activities to teach kids with autism how to recognize social cues, practice empathy, and learn other important life skills.
1. Name Game [3]
This fun group communication activity teaches students with autism an essential skill: how to introduce themselves and learn someone else’s name. To play this game, gather your students in a circle so they can all see each other. Start by pointing at yourself and saying your name (“I am Mr. or Ms. _____.”). Then, ask the child on your right to share their name just like you did and then repeat your name while pointing at you. Have each child take turn saying their name, then pointing at another child in the class and repeating their name.
The Name Game is an especially fun social skills activity for children with autism to do at the beginning of the school year. That way, they’ll be able to learn their classmates’ names and get a head start on making new friends.
2. “How Would It Feel to Be ____?” [4]
Next time you read a book to your class, try asking your students how it would feel to be the main character in the story. If you’re reading a picture book about Cinderella, for example, you could ask how they would feel if they had two evil stepsisters who were mean to them. Or if you’re reading Peter Pan as a class, you could ask them what happy memories they would think about to fly with magic pixie dust.
This can help students with autism learn empathy as well as how to see situations in their lives from another perspective. It can also teach them how to recognize emotional cues by encouraging them to put themselves in the perspective of another person.
3. Sharing Time [5]
Sharing time is a classic elementary school staple, and it can also be a great social-emotional learning (SEL) activity for kids with autism. Every week, have one kid in your class bring something that they’d like to share with the class. This will not only show students with autism how to discuss their interests with others but also how to practice active listening. And if they’re fascinated by something another student brings in (or vice versa), they may even make a friend.
4. Emotion Cards
These printable cards for students with autism can help them learn how to recognize different emotions in themselves and others. Cut out each one with scissors and shuffle them in a deck. Then, go through each card and see if your student can recognize the emotion without looking at the word.
If they get stuck, that’s okay—just show them the word and give them context for the emotion shown. If the card is “embarrassed,” for example, you could say, “When a person is embarrassed, they might feel like they have done something silly or wrong on accident.”
5. Board Games with a Twist
Teaching children manners can be a helpful way to boost social skills and explain the importance of being polite. This simple, but effective activity puts an etiquette-related twist on a simple game of chess, checkers, or mancala by requiring players to wish their opponent “good luck” or “good game” before and after they have played.
6. What Would You Do?
For a take-home activity you can share with families, try this What Would You Do? game. Families can go through different scenarios together and decide how they would react with questions like “How would you help?” or “What would you say?”
This activity keeps social skills sharp and reinforces relationship-building skills.
Sensory Activities for Children with Autism
Because children with autism are often hyper aware of sensory input, it’s helpful for educators to provide accommodations so their students can focus in class. These activities involving sensory stimulation can keep kids with autism grounded in the present and comfortable learning with the rest of their classmates.
7. Sorting with Snacks Activity [6]
This tactile activity for children with autism can be a fun way to engage students during math time. Give everyone in your class a food that is easy to sort, like chewy snacks or small crackers. Multicolored snacks are ideal, but you can also use food that comes in different shapes, textures, or sizes.
First, ask them to sort the food by color, shape, or another characteristic. Then, use the snacks to teach students basic math skills like counting, adding, or subtraction. Once they’ve grasped the concept you want to teach, reward your students by letting them eat the snack.
8. Vegetable Paint Stamps [7]
This art activity for children with autism engages touch and sight to keep students focused on their assignment. Before class begins, cut slices of vegetables like potatoes, cucumbers, or peppers. Hand out a few vegetable slices to each child along with a cup of paint. Instruct your students to dip the bottom of the vegetable slice into the paint and then press it against a piece of paper.
As your students use these homemade stamps, they will make vibrant botanical impressions on their paper. From there, your students can either leave them as they are or finger paint to transform them into whimsical artwork.
9. Scientific Slime Experiments
Slime is not only a popular craft for young children but also a great sensory activity for autism in class. There are plenty of simple slime recipes online–look up your favorite and have fun making it with your students. You can use this as a tactile art activity if you’d like or as a science activity for elementary students.
10. Fidget Toys
Fidget toys are a well-known sensory tool for helping children with autism and other sensory processing disorders stay calm and focused. Depending on your available resources, you can either stock your classroom with a few fidget toys or make some of your own.
We Are Teachers has compiled a list of eleven fidget toys you can make on a budget with your students. From classics like fidget spinners to repurposed pipe cleaners or popsicle sticks, you’re sure to find something useful for your classroom.
11.Auditory Sensory Play
When the phrase “sensory play” comes up, visual or textual activities usually come to mind first. Autism Adventures, however, suggests including activities that involve sound—with a few examples to get you started:[15]
- Musical chairs
- White noise machine
- Simon Says
- Noise-cancelling headphones
- Rhythm instruments like shakers, rain sticks, or drums
12. Sensory Bin
Sensory bins can be useful for two reasons. First, they encourage differentiated instruction or independent play—both of which can have academic benefits for students. And second, they’re a straightforward and accessible sensory experience for students with autism.
The Kindergarten Smorgasbord has put together a few useful tips for making your own sensory bin. Use them as a guide to set up a sensory bin that will best accommodate your students’ needs.
Calming Activities to Prevent Autism Meltdowns in Class
When students with autism are feeling overwhelmed, the intense response that they feel may cause them to lose control of their emotions. This is called an “autism meltdown” and is different from when students without autism act out in class. While the best strategy for autism meltdowns is to seek help from a school specialist, these calm down activities can help to de-escalate stressful situations.
13. Grounding Techniques
Grounding techniques are designed to help us focus on the present during stressful situations. Here are a few grounding activities for kids with autism to try if they seem agitated:[8]
- Count to ten or recite the alphabet as slowly as you can
- Listen to calming music and pay attention to the different instruments
- List five different things that you can see around the room
- Try stretching or simple yoga exercises and focus on how your body feels
- Hold something tactile like a piece of clay or a stuffed animal
For older students with autism, you could also try mindfulness meditation. This can produce a similar effect and help students tune into the present rather than getting carried away by their emotions.
14. Student Retreat Zone [9]
When a student with autism is overwhelmed, giving them a place where they can relax and take a break from sensory stimulation can sometimes go a long way. Designate a corner of your class as the “Student Retreat Zone” and fill it with sensory toys, picture books, comfortable seats, and calming activities that students with autism could do on their own.
Let every student in your class know that if they feel anxious or stressed, they can always take a few minutes to decompress in the Student Retreat Zone. That way, you don’t have to single your student with autism out but still let them know that it’s an option. If your student with autism seems like they could use some time away from class, you could also ask them if they’d like to read or work on homework in the library for a while.
15. Calm Down Drawer [10]
Tactile toys can help children with autism calm down if they’re agitated since their minds are so attuned to sensory information. If you have children with autism in your class, fill a drawer in your classroom with toys that could help neutralize overwhelming emotions. When your student seems stressed or has trouble focusing, give them a sensory toy or two to help them relax.
Here are a few ideas for sensory toys to put in your “calm down drawer:” [11]
- Play dough
- Fidget toys
- Stress balls
- Weighted blankets
- Aromatherapy pillows
16. Coloring
According to a partner article by The National Institute for Trauma and Loss in Children published by We Are Teachers, coloring pages can be a great mind-body exercise for calming down and focusing on the here and now.[16]
Keep a few coloring pages on hand, and suggest them as a calm-down activity when your students are overwhelmed. For a few free coloring pages to get you started, check out this resource from Disney.
17. Calm-Down Cards
If your student with autism struggles with calming down after feeling strong emotions, calm-down cards can be a helpful resource. A mother whose child has autism has created a how-to on creating your own calm-down cards at And Next Comes L.
Each card has a helpful idea for calming down after a stressful moment. Plus, the author notes they can also be useful for children with anxiety—a great resource for your classroom to have.
18. Mindful Breathing
Mindfulness is a technique that encourages children to keep their mind in the present and deal with uncomfortable emotions. If your student is struggling to calm down, try watching this mindful breathing video to help them regain composure.
Effective Teaching Strategies for Children with Autism
In some cases, the learning characteristics of students with autism may differ from the rest of your class. But luckily, the right teaching strategies and methods can keep children with autism on track to finish the school year strong. Try these tips, educational accommodations, and resources for students with autism to help them learn concepts that might otherwise be difficult for them to grasp.
19. Bring Special Interests Into Lesson Plans [12]
Many children with autism have a fixation on certain topics or activities. Take advantage of what they’re passionate about and use it while teaching students with autism to help them focus in class. If a child with autism loves outer space, for example, you could plan a math assignment about counting the planets in our Solar System.
20. Use Multisensory Learning
Many kids with autism are multisensory thinkers and don’t focus as well when assignments only engage one of their senses. Renowned scientist and autism advocate Dr. Temple Grandin once said, “I used to think adults spoke a different language. I think in pictures. Words are like a second language to me.” [13]
For this reason, lessons that engage several senses like sight, hearing, and touch can make students with autism more responsive in class. You could, for example, teach children with autism how to read with magnet letters or sing a patriotic song to learn about American history.
21. Try a SMART Goal Challenge
If a student with autism is having a hard time with school, sit down with them and pick a SMART goal to work on over the next month or semester. SMART goals are an effective way to help children with autism reach their potential, and they are: [14]
- Specific
- Measurable
- Agreed-upon
- Relevant
- Time-bound
Suppose, for example, that your student with autism is having trouble learning how to recognize emotions. You could make a goal with them to practice flash cards with emotions on them every day for five minutes and for the student to recognize each card by the end of the month. As long as the SMART goal hits all of the criteria, it can help your student focus on ways to make progress.
22. Provide Clear Choices
According to educators at the special education program of St Joseph’s University, children with autism may become overwhelmed when given too many options.[17] Keep this in mind while creating assignments for your students or asking them questions in class. That way, you’re more likely to keep your student with autism focused and comfortable choosing an answer.
23. Create a Strong Classroom Routine
In an article with Scholastic, educator Kim Greene reminds teachers that students with autism work best with a strong daily structure.[18] She suggests posting your class schedule for every student to see and, if possible, providing visuals and extra transition time to students with autism.
24. Offer Accommodations for Students with Limited Motor Skills
Some students with autism may have more trouble with activities that require fine motor skills than others. In an article with the Indiana Resource Center for Autism, renowned scientist and advocate Dr. Temple Grandin suggests offering accommodations—like typing on a computer instead of writing—to mitigate these challenges.[19]
When it comes to specific accommodations, it may depend on the individual. It’s always a good idea to reach out to a student’s family to determine the best resources for their child.
Activities for Autism Awareness Month in April
April is Autism Awareness Month, a time when we celebrate neurodiversity and help students with autism feel welcome in private or public schools. Although parents may not want their child’s autism diagnosis to be shared (and you never should without their permission), you can still teach your class about inclusion this month without mentioning a certain student.
Use these three games as autism awareness activities during April or whenever you want to teach a lesson on diversity.
25. “Just Like Me” Activity
For this activity, gather all of your students together on the floor so they can all see each other. Have each child take turns sharing something about themselves, like:
- “I have a pet dog.”
- “I can play the piano.”
- “My birthday is in September.”
- “I love to play soccer.”
- “My favorite color is yellow.”
If a statement also applies to other students (like, for example, they also play the piano), instruct them to raise their hands. This will help remind students that they share more similarities than differences with their peers and that they can always find something to talk about.
26. Picture Books About Diversity
By reading a story about inclusiveness to your class, you can help them remember to be kind to everyone and look out for people who are different.
Here are a few picture books about diversity that you can share with your students:
- The Sneetches and Other Stories by Dr. Seuss
- I’m New Here by Anne Sibley O’Brian
- It’s Okay to Be Different by Todd Parr
- Everywhere Babies by Susan Meyers and Marla Frazee
- The Girl Who Thought In Pictures: The Story of Dr. Temple Grandin by Julia Finley Mosca
The last book on this list, The Girl Who Thought in Pictures, is about a famous researcher who was diagnosed with autism and has since stood as an activist for people with her condition. It is perfect for helping kids understand autism a little better without calling out a specific student.
27. Apples and Actions Game [15]
This object lesson starts with showing your student an apple. Pass the apple around the class and, as you do, have each child insult it and drop it on their desk or the ground. After every child has dropped it and said a mean thing to it, cut the apple in half and show your students all the bruises inside.
Explain to them that our words have consequences and that everything we say can make an impact on someone else. Just like how insulting and dropping the apple can bruise it, being mean to a classmate can have big effects on them. That way, your students will always remember to be kind.
28. Autism Bulletin Board
The puzzle piece is a popular autism awareness symbol. For a simple yet meaningful way to teach your students about autism awareness, create this puzzle piece bulletin board from Mrs. D’s Corner. Each piece fights against negative stereotypes by reminding your students that people with autism are intelligent, empathetic, important, and so much more.
29. Teach Students About Historical Figures with Autism
Although the disorder wasn’t discovered until the twentieth-century, people with autism have made important contributions to history, and it’s important to educate students about them—not just in April but throughout the year. Here are a few well-known figures who are diagnosed with or believed to have had autism to get you started:[20]
- Greta Thunberg
- Vincent van Gogh
- Temple Grandin
- Albert Einstein
- Emily Dickinson
30. Hold a Professional Development Session on Autism
It’s so important to teach faculty about autism awareness, too. If you’re a school administrator, consider holding a professional development session on teaching students with autism or sharing a few resources.
For example, the Regional Educational Laboratory Program has put together a helpful resource for administrators on how educators can support students with autism during remote learning.
Sources:
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Data & Statistics on Autism Spectrum Disorder. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/data.html.
- The National Institute for Mental Health. A Parent’s Guide to Autism Spectrum Disorder. https://www.autism-watch.org/general/nimh.pdf
- Shapiro, L.E. 101 Ways to Teach Children Social Skills. The Bureau for At-Risk Youth, 2004.
- Dougan, R. Social Emotional Learning Guidebook: Ideas for Incorporating SEL Activities into your Classroom. https://www.dvc.edu/faculty-staff/pdfs/SEL-Guidebook.pdf.
- Shapiro, L.E. 101 Ways to Teach Children Social Skills. The Bureau for At-Risk Youth, 2004.
- Autism Parenting Magazine. Sensory Play Ideas and Summer Activities for Kids with Autism. https://www.autismparentingmagazine.com/best-sensory-play-ideas/.
- Autism Speaks. 10 Fun Summer DIY Sensory Games for Kids. https://www.autismspeaks.org/blog/10-fun-summer-diy-sensory-games-kids.
- Noelke, K. Grounding Worksheet. https://www.winona.edu/resilience/Media/Grounding-Worksheet.pdf.
- Tullemans, A. Self-Calming Strategies. Autism Spectrum Disorder News, July 2013, 23.
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Data & Statistics on Autism Spectrum Disorder. Retrieved from cdc.gov: https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/data.html.
- Larkey, S. Strategies for teaching students with Autism Spectrum Disorder and other students with special needs. Learning Links: Helping Kids Learn, 3, pp. 1-5.
- Blanc, M. Finding the Words… When They Are Pictures! Helping Your Child Become Verbal! Part 1. Autism/Asperger’s Digest, May-June 2006, pp. 41-44.
- Larkey, S. Strategies for teaching students with Autism Spectrum Disorder and other students with special needs. Learning Links: Helping Kids Learn, 3, pp. 1-5.
- Penn State Extension. More Diversity Activities for Children and Adults. R https://extension.psu.edu/more-diversity-activities-for-youth-and-adults.
- Autism Adventures. Sensory Play in the Classroom. www.autismadventures.com/sensory-play-in-the-classroom/
- The National Institute for Trauma and Loss in Children. 5 Calming Mind-Body Exercises to Try With Your Students. We Are Teachers. April 2018. https://www.weareteachers.com/mind-body-skills/.
- Saint Joseph’s University. Techniques for Teaching Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder. https://online.sju.edu/graduate/masters-special-education/resources/articles/techniques-for-teaching-students-with-autism-spectrum-disorder.
- Greene, K. Teaching Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder. https://www.scholastic.com/teachers/articles/teaching-content/teaching-students-autism-spectrum-disorder/.
- Grandin, T. Teaching Tips for Children and Adults with Autism. Indiana Resource Center for Autism. https://www.iidc.indiana.edu/irca/articles/teaching-tips-for-children-and-adults-with-autism.html.
- Autism Community Network. Famous—With Autism. https://www.autismcommunity.org.au/famous—with-autism.html.
FAQs
What are the best strategies for helping autistic children? ›
- Be consistent. ...
- Stick to a schedule. ...
- Reward good behavior. ...
- Create a home safety zone. ...
- Look for nonverbal cues. ...
- Figure out the motivation behind the tantrum. ...
- Make time for fun. ...
- Pay attention to your child's sensory sensitivities.
Hobbies such as collecting stamps, playing cards or board games, drawing and photography can also provide opportunities for enjoyment, as well as increased self-confidence and motivation individuals on the spectrum.
How do you teach a learner with autism spectrum disorder? ›- Avoid sensory overload. Many unexpected things can be distracting to students with autism. ...
- Use visuals. ...
- Be predictable. ...
- Keep language concrete. ...
- Directly teach social skills. ...
- Treat students as individuals.
- Support Routines and Transitions. Most children with autism are sensitive to abrupt changes in routine and will learn best in routine situations. ...
- Use Visual Cues. ...
- Use Special Interests as a Gateway to Teaching Skills. ...
- Incorporate Sensory Tools. ...
- Support social skills practice.
Both children on the autism spectrum and their neurotypical peers learn best when they are exposed to various learning styles and teaching methods. Studies have shown that uncovering and supporting children's favored learning styles can improve performance in all areas.
What is the most effective treatment for autism? ›The most common developmental therapy for people with ASD is Speech and Language Therapy. Speech and Language Therapy helps to improve the person's understanding and use of speech and language.
How do you motivate an autistic child? ›Incorporate learning tasks into preferred topics and activities. Plan tasks and activities that result in meaningful outcomes from the perspective of the learner. Vary tasks and activities frequently as opposed to requiring boring repetition. Conversely, capture opportunities to expand learning when interest is high.
How do you engage a child with autism? ›- Be patient. ...
- Teach the child how to express anger without being too aggressive. ...
- Be persistent but resilient. ...
- Always stay positive. ...
- Ignore irritating attention-getting behavior. ...
- Interact through physical activity. ...
- Be affectionate and respectful. ...
- Show your love and interest.
...
How to Keep Your Special Needs Child Busy When Stuck Indoors
- Bake together. ...
- Play video games. ...
- Create a texture book. ...
- Dance. ...
- Mold clay.
visual stimulation – for example, looking at something sideways, watching an object spin or fluttering fingers near the eyes. repetitive behaviour – for example, opening and closing doors or flicking switches. chewing or mouthing objects. listening to the same song or noise over and over.
How do you teach an autistic child to talk? ›
- Encourage play and social interaction. ...
- Imitate your child. ...
- Focus on nonverbal communication. ...
- Leave “space” for your child to talk. ...
- Simplify your language. ...
- Follow your child's interests.
unusual or repetitive movements, such as hand flapping, spinning, or tapping. delays in developmental milestones or loss of already-achieved milestones. difficulties learning in school. playing with toys in ways that seem odd or repetitive.
What can teachers do to help students with autism? ›- Establish a routine with them. ...
- Consider the learning environment. ...
- Manage changes and transitions. ...
- Communicate clearly. ...
- Integrate their interests. ...
- Work with their parents/carers. ...
- Build your resilience.
- Identify and remove sensory triggers. ...
- Try distracting your child. ...
- Make your child feel safe. ...
- Remove any dangerous objects. ...
- Invest in a good weighted blanket. ...
- Carry a pair of noise-canceling headphones. ...
- Put together an emergency meltdown kit. ...
- Stay calm.
- Autism Speaks. ...
- 100 Days Kit, Autism Speaks. ...
- A Parent's Guide to Evidence-Based Practice and Autism. ...
- Autism Source, Autism Society of America (ASA) ...
- Autism NOW. ...
- Autism Wandering Awareness Alerts Response Education (AWAARE) ...
- Department of Education. ...
- Life Journey Through Autism Series, Organization for Autism Research (OAR)
PaxMedica Inc., has announced that PAX-101 (IV suramin), an investigational drug being developed as a potential treatment for the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), achieved marked and sustained improvement in several efficacy assessment measures in its Phase II trial.
How do you deal with an Rude child with autism? ›- Understand Their Behavior.
- Use Positive Reinforcement.
- Teach Self-Calming Techniques.
- Control Their Environment.
- Stick to Routines.
- Communicate Clearly.
- Ignore Harmless Behaviors.
- Put Safety First.
- “Don't worry, everyone's a little Autistic.” No. ...
- “You must be like Rainman or something.” Here we go again… not everyone on the spectrum is a genius. ...
- “Do you take medication for that?” This breaks my heart every time I hear it. ...
- “I have social issues too. ...
- “You seem so normal!
- Sensory overload or understimulation. This is when a child is sensitive to sound, touch, taste, smell, visuals or movements.
- Changes in routine or dealing with an unexpected change. ...
- Anxiety or anxious feelings.
- Being unable to describe what they need or want.
- Be patient. ...
- Be kind and flexible. ...
- Use gestures or other ways to communicate besides words.
- Learn how to show interest and affection in ways they like.
- Use positive reinforcement. ...
- Don't take things personally if their responses are blunt.
What can teachers do to help students with autism? ›
- Establish a routine with them. ...
- Consider the learning environment. ...
- Manage changes and transitions. ...
- Communicate clearly. ...
- Integrate their interests. ...
- Work with their parents/carers. ...
- Build your resilience.
This chapter discusses the features of structure that have proven useful in classrooms for students of all ages with autism. These features are physical organization, scheduling, and teaching methods. The key to effectively using each of these features is individualization.
How can I help an autistic student in the classroom? ›Specific strategies for creating an autism-friendly classroom include: Set up an organised classroom where there are places for resources, stationary and personal belongings and teaching the students how to access the resources in an appropriate manner; Plan strategies along with places and times for calming breaks.
What are the instructional strategies? ›Instructional strategies are techniques teachers use to help students become independent, strategic learners. These strategies become learning strategies when students independently select the appropriate ones and use them effectively to accomplish tasks or meet goals.